Indian Constitution SSC PSC MCQ Important Study Material

In most of the competitive examination whether it is SSC or PSC questions from Indian constitution will be there in " General Awareness" or GK Section.Vital points regarding Indian constitution by considering SSC and PSC questions are mentioned below with questions and answers.

In most of the competitive examination whether it is SSC or PSC questions from Indian constitution will be there in " General Awareness" or GK Section. So to score better marks Studying important key points in Indian Constitution is very important. Vital points regarding Indian constitution by considering SSC and PSC questions are mentioned below with questions and answers.

Constitution of India Important Questions

Classification of Constitution

• Constitutions are classified into four
• Classification is based on how they came into existence and their mode of amendment
• Written or enacted constitution
• Unwritten or Evolved constitution
• Rigid Constitution
• Flexible Constitution
• A Written constitution is one in which most of the basic principles are written in one or more documents
  Eg: Indian Constitution
• An Unwritten constitution is one in which the major part of the constitution is not in the written form
  Eg: British Constitution

• A Rigid constitution is one which cannot be amended in the manner in which ordinary laws are passed, amended or repeated. If a special procedure is needed for an amendment it is called rigid constitution
  Eg: Constitution of USA and Canada
• A Flexible constitution is one which can be amended in an ordinary legislative procedure
  Eg: British Constitution

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• Indian Constitution
• Indian Constitution is neither rigid or Flexible. It cannot be amended as easily as that of British Constitution and is not as difficult as that of US constitution. It is in between British and US constitution

1. The idea of constitution was arose in USA. American Constitution was formed in 1789. James Madison is called as the Father of American Constitution
2. Indian constitution is the largest and longest written constitution in the world
3. M N Roy was the first Indian to put forward the idea of Constitution for India
4. Swaraj Party was the first political party which raised the demand for a constituent Assembly to frame a Constitution for India
5. Congress discussed about the demand for the constitution of India in 1935 in its Bombay session. INC officially demanded Constituent Assembly in Faizpur Session 1937
6. The Constitution of India was framed by the Constituent Assembly. The Constituent Assembly was set up on 6th December 1946, under the provision of Cabinet plan
7. Acharya J B Kripalani is the first person who Addressed the Constituent Assembly
8. The first meeting of Constituent assembly was held on December 9, 1946
9. Dr Sachidananda Sinha was appointed as the first Chairman of the Constituent Assembly
10. Dr. Rajendra Prasad was the permanent president of Constituent Assembly ( 1946 December 11)
11. Harendra Coomar Mukharjee was the vice president of the Constituent Assembly
12. B N Rao was the Constitutional Advisor to the Constituent Assembly
13. There were a total of 389 members in the constituent Assembly as fixed by the cabinet mission, After the partition it was reduced to 299 members
14. There were 17 women members in the constituent assembly
15. There were 17 Malayalee members including 3 Women members
16. There were total of 22 committees in the constituent assembly, in which Drafting committee is very important
17. Drafting Committee was appointed on 29th August 1947
18. Dr B R Ambedkar was the chairman of the Drafting Committee
19. On 17th November 1947 the constituent assembly for the first time, met as a Legislative Assembly and elected Dr G V Mavalankar as the speaker of the assembly

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• Indian Constitution
• Indian Constitution is often reffered as a Borrowed Constitution. Indian Constitution adopted a large number of provisions from the constitution of many countries around the world

• Borrowed From US Constitution
• Fundamental rights Preamble
• Judicial review
• Impeachment
• Functions of Vice President
• From Govt of India Act 1935
• Office of the Governor
• Federal Court
• British Constitution
• Parliamentary form of Govt Rule of Law
• Single Citizenship
• Office of CAG
• Writs
• From Ireland
• Directive Principles of State Policy
• Presidential Election
• Nomination of members to rajya Sabha
• From South Africa
• Idea of Amendment of Constitution
• From Germany
• Concept of Emergency
• France
• Liberty
• Equality
• Fraternity
• Republic
• Russia
• Fundamental Duties
• Five year Plan
• From Canada
• Federation with Strong Centre
• Residuary Powers
• Union List
• State List
• From Australia
• Concurrent List
• Joint Sitting
• Freedom of Trade and Commerce

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• Preamble refers to the Introduction or Preface to the constitution
• The Preamble to the Indian Constitution is based on the objective resolution presented by Jawaharlal Nehru on 1946 December 13
• The Preamble of Indian Constitution declares India as Sovereign, Socialist, Secular, Democratic Republic
• Preamble was amended only once in the history of Indian Constitution by the 42nd Amendment according to the recommendation of Swaran Singh Committee
• The words Socialist, Secular and Integrity were added to the preamble by the 42nd Amendment in 1976
• Preamble is a part of Indian Constitution - Said by Supreme Court for the first time when hearing the case of Kesavanda Bharati and State of Kerala
• Part I of the Indian Constitution refers to the Union and its Territories
• Article 1 of the Constitution declares that " India Shall be a Union of States"
• Article 3 of the Indian Constitution describes that Parliament may form new states, reduce or extend the areas of the States and Change the name and boundaries of the state
• Articles 5 to 11 in Part II of Indian Constitution refers to the Citizenship of India
• According to the citizenship act in 1955 there are five ways to acquire and three ways to lose Indian Citizenship
• In Part III, Article 12 to 35 of the Indian Constitution deals with the Fundamental Rights
• Part III of the Indian Constitution is known as the "Magna Carta of India" and the key Stone of Indian Constitution
• Originally there were 7 Fundamental Rights in Indian Constitution. But the Right to property was made legal Right under Article 300A by the 44th Amendment done in 1978.
• At Present there are only 6 Fundamental Rights in Indian Constitution
• Article 14 says that all persons are equal before law and entitled to equal protection of the laws
• Article 16 provides equality in Public Employment
• Article 17 abolishes untouchability
• Article 21 says that no person shall be deprived of his life and personal liberty except in accordance with procedure established by the law
• Article 21A , State shall provide compulsory education to all the children of the age 6 to 14 years
• Article 24 prohibits employment of children below 14 years, in any factory, mine or any other hazardous activities
• Article 30 provides the minority to establish and administer educational institutions
• Article 32 provides the rights to constitutional remedies for the enforcement of Fundamental Rights by the Supreme Court
• Article 32 is known as the "Fundamental of the Fundamental Rights" and the "Heart and the Soul of the Constitution", called by Dr. Ambedkar
• Writs: Orders issued by the courts for the enforcement of Fundamental Rights are called Writs
• Only the Supreme Court and High Court have the power to issue writs
• Supreme Court issues Writs under Article 32
• High Court issues Writs under Article 226

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• Writs
• There are Five categories of Writs, they are Habeas Corpus, Mandamus, Quo-Warranto, Prohibition and Certiorari

• Habeas Corpus is an order issued by the court, to a person who has detained another person, to produce the latter before the court.
• The word Habeas Corpus means " to have the body" or " to produce the body"
• Mandamus Literacy : It is a command issued by the court to a public official asking him to perform his duties that he has failed or refused to perform. it means "We Command"
• Quo- Warranto : Issued by the court to enquire into the legality of claim of of a public office. It means " By what authority"
• Prohibition is issued by the Supreme Court or High Court to lower court or to a Tribunal to prevent the latter from exceeding its Jurisdiction
• Certiorari: Issued by Supreme Court or High Court to lower court or Tribunal to transfer a case, pending before the latter, to the higher court for review
• Part IV (Artile 36 to 51) of the constitution deals with directive principles of state policies
• Directive Principle can be classified as
• Socialist Principles
• Gandhian Principles
• Liberal Intellectual Principles
• Article 39(d): Equal pay for equal work for men and women
• Article 44: Uniform civil code for the citizens
• Article 47: Prohibition of Liquor
• Article 48 : Prohibition of Slaughter of Cows
• Part IV A, Article 51A deals with the fundamental duties, it was added by the 42nd Amendment in 1976
• The 42nd Amendment Act include 10 fundamental duties
• Now there are 11 Fundamental duties ( one more added in 86th Constitution Amendment Act 2002
• Article 52 says that there shall be a President of India. The President is the Constitutional head of Republic of India
• President election is conducted by the Election Commission of India

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